US Attorney General Pam Bondi has ordered prosecutors to open legal proceedings into allegations of a so-called Russiagate conspiracy that Donald Trump has long claimed was concocted by political foes to smear him.

Bondi has ordered a federal prosecutor to seek a potential indictment, according to the BBC’s US partner CBS News.

It is unclear, however, what the possible charges might be and who could be charged.

Last month, US Director of National Intelligence Tulsi Gabbard accused former President Barack Obama and his national security team of a “years-long coup” against Trump as she released a declassified report that Democrats branded false.

Gabbard alleged that intelligence about Russian meddling in the 2016 White House election had been politicised by the Obama White House to falsely tie Trump to Russia. Trump reacted by accusing Obama of “treason”.

An Obama spokesman called that claim “bizarre”.

Democrats said nothing in Gabbard’s findings invalidated a US intelligence assessment in January 2017 concluding that Russia had sought to damage Clinton’s campaign and boost Trump in the vote three months earlier.

A 2020 bipartisan report by the Senate intelligence committee also found that Russia had tried to help Trump’s 2016 campaign.

But last month the director of national intelligence referred the matter to the justice department to consider possible charges.

On Monday, Bondi acted on that referral by directing an unnamed federal prosecutor to present evidence to a grand jury, according to CBS.

A grand jury is a group of members of the public who determine whether there is enough evidence to file an indictment in a case.

It was not clear which former officials might be the target of any grand jury activity.

But Fox News reported last month that ex-CIA Director John Brennan and ex-FBI Director James Comey were under criminal investigation relating to the Trump–Russia probe. Both have long denied any wrongdoing and accuse Trump of subverting the justice system.

Half of Trump’s first presidency was overshadowed by an investigation from his own justice department into whether he had conspired with Russia to sway the 2016 outcome.

The resulting Mueller report found no proof that Trump or his campaign had co-ordinated with the Kremlin, and no-one was charged with such crimes.

The debate over Russiagate was reinvigorated last week when an appendix to another justice department investigation into the affair was declassified.

The 29 pages from Special Counsel John Durham’s inquiry cites a March 2016 memo from a US intelligence source stating that Hillary Clinton, the Democratic White House candidate that year, had approved a plan to smear Trump as a Russian asset.

Durham cites “what appear or purport to be original” emails that hackers affiliated with Russian intelligence might have obtained from an employee with a non-profit run by liberal donor George Soros.

One of the messages appeared to have been sent by Leonard Benardo, senior vice-president at Open Society Foundations, Soros’ philanthropic arm. It apparently refers to a Clinton foreign policy adviser, Julianna Smith.

The email, dated 26 July 2016, reads: “Julie says it will be a long-term affair to demonize Putin and Trump. Now it is good for a post-convention bounce. Later the FBI will put more oil into the fire.”

There is nothing illegal about a political smear, but Trump allies suggested the email, if genuine, showed that federal investigators could have been part of the scheme. Durham, however, found no proof of such an FBI conspiracy.

According to the appendix, Benardo told Durham that “to the best of his recollection” he did not draft the email, although he noted that some of the verbiage further down sounded like something he would have said.

The special counsel also interviewed Smith, who said she did not recall receiving such an email from Benardo.

Durham made no determination in his appendix whether the emails were authentic, or if they had been doctored by Russian spies.

His main 306-page report, published in 2023, found the original FBI probe into Trump’s campaign had lacked “analytical rigor” and relied on “raw, unanalysed and uncorroborated intelligence”.

US officials found the Russian meddling in 2016 included bot farms on social media and hacking of Democratic emails, but they ultimately concluded the impact was probably limited and did not actually change the election result.